Question- Write a detailed note on National Policy on Education.

Ans.

National Policy on Education

National Policy on Education was prepared by the Indian government. The major object of the national policy on education is to promote education. National Policy on Education covers elementary education to colleges. In 1968, the first National Policy on Education was formulated. In 1986, the second National Policy on Education was promulgated. National Policy on Education Committee (2017) was constituted to prepare a draft of the national policy on education. K. Kasturirangan was the chairman of this Committee.

The Indian government has sponsored several programmes to solve the problem of illiteracy. Government of India constituted the University Education Commission (1948-49), the Secondary Education Commission (1952-53) and Kothari Commission (1964-66) to develop and modernise education system. The Resolution on Scientific Policy was adopted by J.L. Nehru. His government sponsored the development of high-quality scientific education institutions e.g. IIT. National Council of Education Research and Training was formed in 1961.

National Policy on Education, 1968 – On the report and recommendations of Education Commission (1964-66), Indian government declared National Policy on Education, 1968. Following were the main provision of this policy –

1. Compulsory education for all children up to the age of 14, and better training and qualification of teachers.
2. Focus on learning of regional languages.
3. Implementation of three language formula.
4. Stress on language education to reduce the gulf between the intelligentsia and masses.
5. Encouragement to Sanskrit education.
6. National Policy on Education 1968, encouraged education.

National Policy on Education, 1986 – This policy is called for special emphasis on the removal of disparities and to equalise educational opportunities especially for woman, STs and SCs.
This policy is called for expanding scholarships, adult education, and recruiting more teachers.
Main features of this policy are as under –

1. Implementation of operation blackboard to improve primary schools nationwide.
2. Expansion of open University system.

National Policy on Education, 1992 – National Policy on Education 1986 was modified in 1992. Programme of Action 1992 under the national policy on education, 1986 mentioned conduct of a common entrance examination for admission in professional and technical programmes. Government of India laid down some exam scheme (JEE and AIEEE)

Recent developments in education are as under –

1. District Primary Education Program.
2. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan / Right to Education.
3. National Program for education of Girls at Elementary level.
4. Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (Launched in 2009)
5. Inclusive Education
6. Saakshar Bharat / Adult Education
7. National Policy on Education 2016.

New Education Policy 2017 – The objective of this policy is to make India a knowledge superpower. The Government of India made a time bound grassroots consultative process to reach individuals across the country.
The latest education policy was declared in June 30, 2016. The Draft of this policy focused on addressing gender discrimination, the creation of educational tribunals and a common curriculum for science, mathematics and English.

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