Question- Write short notes on the following-

(a) M-commerce
(b) Business-to-Government.

Ans.

(a) Mobile-Commerce

Mobile commerce or M-commerce refers to the use of wireless digital devices to enable transactions on the web. It involves the use of wireless networks to connect cellphones, hand held devices such as iphones and personal computers to the web to conduct transactions including stock trades, in-store price comparisons, banking, travel reservations and more. The term Mobile Commerce, m-commerce has been used to describe a variety of transactions conducted through mobile devices connected through the wireless network.

Mobile Commerce is defined as any electronic commerce activity conducted over the wireless network through mobile devices.

According to Tarasewich, Nickerson, and Warkentin - "Mobile commerce includes all activities related to a (potential) commercial transaction conducted through communications network that interface with wireless (or mobile) devices."

Mobile commerce in essence utilizes mobile devices connected through the wireless network to simplify and implement-daily economic activities such as product searching, price determination, negotiations, contracts, settlement, payment, and delivery / shipments. It is the exchange of information, goods, and services through the use of mobile technology.

It is concerned and influenced by evolution in the following aspects-

Availability of information, goods, and services.

The movement of information goods over a reliable network.

Mobile devices and applications capable of effective and efficient interaction and rendering of goods and services.

The very nature-of mobile devices has made-possible a variety of alert and information services such as:

(i) Enquiring the train, dynamic bus arrival and airlines schedules,

(ii) Enquiry reservation, and purchase of airlines tickets through mobile wireless devices,

(iii) Enquiring about stock market conditions and placing a stock purchase or sales order through the mobile devices,

(iv) Receiving the location-specific information regarding restaurants, entertainment complexes through mobile devices,

(v) Receiving location-specific advertisement and product discount coupons in the neighborhood,

(vi) Paying for and downloading ring tones, news or information services through the mobile devices,

(vii) Receiving parking meter expiry, alerts on handheld devices and paying for additional parking time through the mobile devices.

(b) Business-to-Government (B2G)

B2G covers transactions from business to Government departments. Many business firms supply their products online to various government agencies. They can also file tax returns with the government departments online and pay tax online. B2G facilitates and quickens the communication from business firms to government agencies.

G2G (Government-to-Government), G2E (Government-to-Employee), G2B (Government-to-Business), B2G (Business-to-Government), G2C (Government-to- Citizen), C2G (Citizen-to-Government) are other forms of e-commerce that involve transactions with the government-from procurement to filling taxes to business registrations to renewing licences.

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