Question- What do you mean by individual differences ? Briefly describe each type of individual difference.

Answer-

Individual Difference - Today educationists say that while giving education to children, their individual concerns should be kept in mind. Whatever investigation done by various psychologists in this regard also point in this direction that all people are aware of the fact that no two people are alike they have differences. The teacher arrange education only be keeping average children in front, which also has side effects -

(1) Meritorious children quickly learn the things told by the teacher and do mischief the rest of the time.

(2) The normal intelligence child is not to grasp the text material properly.

If we want to make the education given to the children successful, than it is necessary that education should be provided to them by keeping their individual differences in front.

Definitions of Individual Differences

According to James Draver : "Individual differences are variations or deviations from the average of the growth with respect to mental or physical characteristics in the individual members of the group."

According to Leona Tyler : “Measurable differences have been known to consist in physical size and shape physiological function, motor capacities, intelligence achievement and knowledge, interest, attitudes and personality traits.”

Types of Individual Differences

According to Leona : “Variability from individual to individual seems to be a universal phenomenon.”
The variations found with in individuals can be represented in this way-

(1) Physical Differences : If seen from the physical point of view, there is a lot of difference between the individuals. From the physical point of view, many types of people are found to be thin, fat, small and beautiful. According to psychologists the physical shape of a person has a great influence on their mental state. At the same time it is the belief of many psychologists that a small person is always afraid that he should not be seen in the eyes of neglect in the society. That’s why he always tries to make an impact on others.

(2) Mental Differences : If seen some child acquire bookish knowledge quickly, while some students are adept at acquiring practical knowledge. One such child is bright in Hindi and Sanskrit but weak in science and mathematics. The other boy is Geography and Mathematics are ahead but lag behind in History and Civics. On the other hand, some children accept the facts after being told a couple of times, while some are able to accept the element late even after being explained repeatedly. According to Crow and Crow - “The reason for the difference in learning among children is the difference in their rate of maturity.”

(3) Interest Differences : There is also a lot of difference in the interest of a person. Someone’s interest is in music, someone’s daily life is in sports, someone’s studies and someone’s gossip is there.
At the same time the educational interest of all individuals are also not the same. As a person’s age increases there is a difference in their interest. This is the reason why the suffering of the children and adult are different.

(4) Instinctive Differences : Basic tendencies are seen in all children, but differences are found in their manifestation. Some students have a strong tendency to accumulate.
At the same time, in some children, the tendency to fight is strong. They are ready to fight over small matters. A child has a high sense of curiosity. He is alert all the time. Thus it has been observed that many person keep smiling all the time. Many are flustered and many are depressed all the time.

(5) Personality Differences : If seen many children are shy. They sit silently. At the same time, many children keep looking for an opportunity to do some social work all the time. According to Leona Tayler in this regard perhaps the individual is more influenced by differences of personality than by the differences of merit.”

(6) Temperamental Differences : There is a lot of differences in the nature of children. Some students are of a fiery nature while some of the wild nature, get angry quickly.

(7) Difference Regarding Intellectual Ability : Differences can also be seen in individuals from the functional point of view. According to Crow and Crow - “Much is found in the ability of individuals is a group to be successful in physical activities.”

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