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एम ए सेमेस्टर-1 - अंग्रेजी - प्रथम प्रश्नपत्र - अंग्रेजी साहित्य 14वीं-17वीं शताब्दी

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एम ए सेमेस्टर-1 - अंग्रेजी - प्रथम प्रश्नपत्र - अंग्रेजी साहित्य 14वीं-17वीं शताब्दी

Chapter - 13

"Dr Faustus"

- Christopher Marlowe

Question- Write a note on Life and Works of Marlowe.

Answer -

Life and Works of Marlowe

Christopher Marlowe was the greatest English dramatist before Shakespeare. His father was a shoe maker of Canterbury. Christopher took a degree at Cambridge University apparently not because of any high attainments as a scholar but because of a government order which suggests that he had been serving at court. For a time he was a member of the Earl of Nottingham's players. He wrote poems and plays and translated beautifully from the classics. And then, just before he was thirty, he was killed by a dagger thrust in a Deptford tavern. Whether Ingram Frisar, who killed him, was quarreling with the poet over a drinking score or was acting as a secret agent for the government, research has not yet discovered. But kit Marlowe, born the same year as William Shakespeare, completed his work and his life when his great contemporary was Writing his first plays.

If Marlowe had never written a play, his name would stand high among those of the English poets. There is a lyrical simplicity in his pastoral The Passionate Shepherd to His Cove that gave the poem a place in England's Helicon (1600) and a romantic quality that drew Raleigh to write the realistic Nymph's Reply to the Shepherd. His translation of Ovid's Amores was published at 1599, and his narrative poem, Hero and left unfinished at his death, was completed by George Chapman, in 1598. but Marlowe's greatest metrical contribution is the mighly line. Of this dramatic blank verse. He took  the stiff iambic pentameter of earlien playes and made of I a flexible, varied unrestrained and powerful vehicle for his tragedies. And the tragedies are worthy of the poetry. They are essentially classical in their presentation of a single meighly hero who rises to a great height and crashes to a terrible fall. Marlow's aim was always lofty. He condemned the Jigging veins of rhyming mother wits, and such conceits as clownage keeps in pay. Only his Fanstus contains farcical scenes and for these he may not have been responsible. Titanic heroes, filled with the lust for power-these are his chief characters, not clowns, servants or even woman. And the plots, too, are on an epic scale, with the actions thrown against sweeping backgrounds.

Marlowe's first tragedy, 'the Tow-Part Tamburlane (1587-88) presents as shepherd warrior of Scythia who drives emperors and king's before his unconquerable sword until hi is himself conquered by death. In The Jew of Malta (c. 1584-90) the hero is a jew moved to atrocious acts of insane cruelty by the injustices that Christians have heaped upon him. Young Mortimer of the historical tragedy of Edward II (1591-93) rises to political heights until he has touched the very button on fortune's cap and can scorn the order for his execution. But the most famous of Marlowe's plays in The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus (1588-92). Marlowe took the plot from a Geman Chapbook account of a scholar-magician who sold his soul to the devil for twenty-four years of power. In all Marlowe's tragedies, with the possible exception of The Jew of Malta, the sheer strength of the dramatist and the lyrical quality of the poet save the play from inflation and rant. Exaggerated as characters and episodes frequently are, Marlowe's power keeps them from seeming unnatural and banal. Marlow's contribution to drama was that he raised the subject matter of drama to a higher level. He gave life and reality to his characters. He modified the conception of tragedy. He imparted passion. Vehemence and force to drama. Marlowe added poetic grandeur and poetic excellence to drama. He breathed into the drama the life spirit of poetry, in place of rhyming lines he introduced and perfected the blank verse. His verse is notable for its burning energy, its splendour of diction, its sensual richness, its variety of pace, and its responsiveness to the demands of the demands of varying emotions. His blank verse is unequalled by any of his contemporaries except Shakespeare.

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    अनुक्रम

  1. Question- Define Renaissance humanism.
  2. Question- Describe 'Authorised version of Bible'.
  3. Question- What were women's writing roles in the 17th century?
  4. Question- Write detailed note on enlightenment ideas and philosophies.
  5. Question- What was the political and religious views during renaissance?
  6. Question- Comment on the Development of English Prose?
  7. Question- Write a brief note on the important Restoration prose writers.
  8. Question- "Thomas More was spiritual writer of renaissance age?" Explain this.
  9. Question- What was the contribution of Thomas More in Renaissance Literature?
  10. Question- What impact does Thomas More's Utopia have on the Renaissance?
  11. Question- Discuss the theme analysis "of their slaves and their marriages" in Book II of Utopia by Thomas More.
  12. Question- Write a summary of the theme "of their slaves and of their marriages" from Utopia.
  13. Question- Write a character sketch of Raphael Hythloday in Utopia by Thomas More.
  14. Question- What is a Utopian slave?
  15. Question- What are the rules for marriage in a Utopian society? Answer -
  16. Question- What happens to adulterers in Utopia?
  17. Question- What did Thomas More do in the Renaissance?
  18. Question- Is Thomas More's Utopia an example of renaissance humanism?
  19. Question- What are the laws of Utopia ?
  20. Question- Is divorce allowed in Utopian society?
  21. Question- What is an example of an Utopia ?
  22. Question- Who came up with the idea of Utopia ?
  23. Question- What is the difference between Utopian society and Dystopian society?
  24. Question- Write a note on Bacon as a prose writer.
  25. Question- Describe Bacon's contribution to English Prose.
  26. Question- "Bacon remains the first of English essayists and for the sheer mass and weight of genuis the greatest." Elucidate.
  27. Question- How far do you agree with the view that Bacon's essays are good advice for Satan's kingdom?
  28. Question- Critical analysis of New Atlantis by Francis Bacon.
  29. Question- Write a summary of the novel "The new Atlantis" by Francis Bacon.
  30. Question- Write the theme of the New Atlantis of Bacon.
  31. Question- What happened to Atlantis?
  32. Question- Why are the people of New Atlantis so secretive?
  33. Question- What do the sailors feel about the island ?
  34. Question- What is the moral of the New Atlantis ?
  35. Question- What is the Atlantis of Myth?
  36. Question- What are the advantages of Christianity in the New Atlantis? Answer -
  37. Question- What is the significance of Bacon's New Atlantis?
  38. Question- What did Sir Francis Bacon do in the Renaissance ?
  39. Question- What is Bacon's essayism?
  40. Question- Write a note life and works of Milton.
  41. Question- John Milton the poet as well as the prose writer.
  42. Question- Write a summary of the Areopagitica by John Milton.
  43. Question- Write critical analysis of the essay "Areopagitica" by John Milton.
  44. Question- What are the themes of Areopagitica?
  45. Question- What are John Milton's arguments in Areopagitica?
  46. Question- Why did Milton wrote Areopagitica?
  47. Question- What did Areopagitica influence?
  48. Question- What is the necessity of freedom of press in Areopagitica?
  49. Question- What is the importance of Areopagitica?
  50. Question- How does Areopagitica relate to Paradise Lost?
  51. Question- What is the main theme of Areopagitica?
  52. Question- What does Milton say about knowledge of good and evil in Areopagitica?
  53. Question- How did Milton advocate freedom of speech in his Areopagitica?
  54. Question- Write a note on polarity and structure in Milton's "Areopagitica".
  55. Question- Write a note on Chaucer's realism.
  56. Question- "Chaucer is not only the father of English poetry but also of the English language." Justify.
  57. Question- Write an essay on Chaucer's narrative art.
  58. Question- Write a detailed summary of poetry 'The Knight's Tale'.
  59. Question- Write a note on the characters of "The Knight's Tale".
  60. Question- Explain with reference to the context any four of the following passages.
  61. Question- Write a note on the diction and versification of Spenser.
  62. Question- Write a note on Spenser's pictorial art.
  63. Question- Elaborate the moral and spiritual allegory in Book I of the Faerie Queene.
  64. Question- Discuss Spenser as the poet of classical Renaissance.
  65. Question- Write critical analysis of the poem "Like as a Huntsman" by Edmund Spenser.
  66. Question- Write a summary of the poem "Like as a Huntsman" by Edmund Spenser.
  67. Question- What is the thematic split of a sonnet 67 by Spenser ?
  68. Question- What is the central metaphor in the sonnet "Like as a Huntsman"?
  69. Question- What is a Spenserian sonnet?
  70. Question- What is the difference between the Spenserian and Shakespearean sonnet?
  71. Question- What seemed strange to the hunter at the end of the sonnet No. 67?
  72. Question- What are main qualities/characteristics of Spenser's poetry?
  73. Question- What literary devices used in the poem "Like as Huntsman" by Spenser ?
  74. Question- What is sonnet sequence?
  75. Question- Explain with reference to the context any four of the following passages.
  76. Question- What was the Thomas Wyatt's contribution as a sonneteer in Elizabethan Age?
  77. Question- Thomas Wyatt as a sonneter of Elizabethan age.
  78. Question- Write critical analysis of the poem "I Find No Peace And All My War is Done".
  79. Question- Write a note on summary of the poem "I find no peace and all my war is done" by Thomas Wyatt.
  80. Question- What is the theme of the poem "I find no peace" by Thomas Wyatt ?
  81. Question- What is the meaning of "I find no peace" by Thomas Wyatt?
  82. Question- Why do Thomas Wyatt's poems deal with love and heart breaks?
  83. Question- What is an anaphora in the poem "I find no peace"?
  84. Question- How does the poet show his contrary feelings in the poem "I find no peace"?
  85. Question- What is the figure of speech in "I find no peace" and all my war is done?
  86. Question- What is Sir Thomas Wyatt known for?
  87. Question- Is Thomas Wyatt a renaissance poet ?
  88. Question- What type of poet was Thomas Wyatt ?
  89. Question- What are the characteristics of Sir Thomas Wyatt's poetry?
  90. Question- What poems did Thomas Wyatt write?
  91. Question- Explain with reference to the context any four of the following passages.
  92. Question- Sir Philip Sidney was a poet of Elizabethan age.
  93. Question- Write a critical analysis of the poem "My mouth doth water and my breast do swell" by sir Philip Sidney.
  94. Question- Write a summary of the poem "My mouth doth water and my breast do swell" by, Sir Philip Sidney.
  95. Question- What are the three kinds of poetry according to Sidney?
  96. Question- Which is the highest type of poetry according to Philip Sidney?
  97. Question- What is the writing style of Philip Sidney?
  98. Question- What type of poet was Sir Philip Sidney?
  99. Question- What is the contribution of Sidney in English literature?
  100. Question- "My mouth doth water and my breast doth swell" - analyse the following lines by Sir Philip Sidney.
  101. Question- Who does Stella refers to in Sonnet No. 37 written by Sidney?
  102. Question- What is the theme of the poem Astrophel and Stella ?
  103. Question- Explain with reference to the context any four of the following passages.
  104. Question- Describe Milton's imagery and his use of similes.
  105. Question- Point out the sublime quality of Milton's poetry.
  106. Question- Assess (Evaluate) Milton's 'Paradise Lost' as a classical epic.
  107. Question- Who is the hero of Paradise Lost ? Give reasons for your answer.
  108. Question- Write an essay on the autobiographical element in Paradise Lost.
  109. Question- Write an essay on Milton as a child of Renaissance and Reformation.
  110. Question- Write a note on Milton's Grand Style.
  111. Question- Explain with reference to the context any four of the following passages.
  112. Question- Andrew Marvell was a poet of Seventeenth Century of English literature.
  113. Question- Andrew Marvell as a "metaphysical poet" of England.
  114. Question- Write a critical analysis of the poem "To His Coy Mistress" by Andrew Marvell.
  115. Question- Write a summary of the poem "To His Coy Mistress".
  116. Question- What is the most common metaphor in "To His Coy Mistress”?
  117. Question- What is the poem "To his Coy Mistress" by Andrew Marvell ?
  118. Question- What is the symbolism in "To his Coy Mistress" ?
  119. Question- What kind of justification does the speaker employ to persuade his mistress in To His Coy Mistress'?
  120. Question- How is love presented in "To His Coy Mistress"?
  121. Question- Was Marvell a Cavalier poet?
  122. Question- How does Marvell use metaphysical conceit in his poem ?
  123. Question- How is time presented in poem "To His Coy Mistress" ?
  124. Question- How is "To His Coy Mistress" a three part argument?
  125. Question- Explain with reference to the context any four of the following passages.
  126. Question- Discuss George Herbert as a metaphysical religious poet.
  127. Question- George Herbert as British poet of English literature.
  128. Question- Write critical analysis of the poem "The Virtue" by George Herbert.
  129. Question- Write a note on summary of the poem "Virtue" by George Herbert.
  130. Question- What are the characteristics of Herbert's poetry?
  131. Question- What type of poem is virtue by George Herbert ?
  132. Question- What is the structure of 'Virtue' poem?
  133. Question- What is 'Virtuous Soul' ?
  134. Question- What are the dewdrops compared to and why?
  135. Question- What does the 'Sweet day', 'rose' and spring symbolize in the poem ?
  136. Question- What is the central theme of the poem 'virtue'?
  137. Question- Explain with reference to the context any four of the following passages.
  138. Question- Explain Henry Vaughan as a metaphysical poet of English literature.
  139. Question- Write a note on the Henry Vaughan's poetry writing style and influences.
  140. Question- Write a critical analysis of the poem "Retreat" by Henry Vaughan.
  141. Question- Discuss the summary of the poem "The Retreat" by Henry Vaughan.
  142. Question- What is the major theme of the poem "The Retreat"?
  143. Question- How is childhood compared to glory in "The Retreat"?
  144. Question- How does Vaughan idolize childhood?
  145. Question- From whence the enlightened spirit trees that "shady city of palm trees" where does this line occur? Comment on the allusion.
  146. Question- What does Henry Vaughan regret in the poem "The Retreat"?
  147. Question- Why is Henry Vaughan bemoaning his sins in this poem?
  148. Question- What is the relationship between the poem "The Retreat" and speaker?
  149. Question- Who were the Cavalier poets?
  150. Question- What is Henry Vaughan known for?
  151. Question- Explain with reference to the context any four of the following passages.
  152. Question- Write a note on Life and Works of Marlowe.
  153. Question- Write a note on Marlowe as a dramatist or playwright.
  154. Question- What do the critics mean by Marlowe's mightyline'?
  155. Question- Marlowe's tragic heroes are monomaniacs with some single obssesion. Analyse the statement.
  156. Question- Marlowe has rightly been called the morning star of English Drama. Analyse.
  157. Question- 'Marlowe is the greatest poet of the world.' Is this statement true?
  158. Question- Analyse Marlowe's conception of tragedy.
  159. Question- Discuss the causes of tragedy in Dr. Faustus.
  160. Question- Write a critical essay on the conflict between good and evil in Doctor Faustus.
  161. Question- Write a critical essay on Faustus as a tragic hero.
  162. Question- Explain with reference to the context any four of the following passages.
  163. Question- Comment upon the symbolism in "The Tempest'.
  164. Question- Write a short note on the English Masque with particular reference to the masque in "The Tempest'.
  165. Question- The rarer action is in virtue than in rengeance." Bring out the truth of this statement in the light of the Tempest.
  166. Question- What is meant by the remark that the Tempest observes the Three unities of dramatic principles?
  167. Question- Write a brief character sketch of Prospero. Would you call him perfect.
  168. Question- What estimate have you formed of Ariel ?
  169. Question- Bring out the romantic elements in the Tempest.
  170. Question- How this play bears the title The Tempest. Comments.
  171. Question- What are the keynote of the play, 'The Tempest'.
  172. Question- What is Shakespeare's concept of comedy?
  173. Question- Explain with reference to the context any four of the following passages.
  174. Question- John Webster as English Jacobean dramatist.
  175. Question- Write a summary of the drama "The Duchess of Malfi" by Webster.
  176. Question- Character of the Duchess stands supreme among all the other characters in the play.
  177. Question- Bosola is called "a villain in the beginning turns to be a tragic hero of the play."
  178. Question- What is the themes of the play the "Duchess of Malfi" by John Webster ?
  179. Question- What happens to Antonio and Ferdinand in the Duchess of Malfi ?
  180. Question- What is position Bosola take in play, when fight between good and evil in the drama?
  181. Question- Compare and contrast the Duchess's death with those of her husband and brothers, and explain the importance.
  182. Question- Why Ferdinand reacts so strongly to the Duchess's remarriage?
  183. Question- Who is the most courageous character in the play? Defend own choice.
  184. Question- What is the importance of justice in the play?
  185. Question- What is John Webster best known for?
  186. Question- How many plays did Webster write?
  187. Question- John Webster as Renaissance Dramatist.
  188. Question- Explain with reference to the context any four of the following passages.
  189. Question- Consider William Congreve as a dramatist.
  190. Question- Write a note on the plot of construction of Congreve.
  191. Question- "Millamant is the most finished creation of Congreve." Discuss.
  192. Question- Discuss Congreve's The Way of the World' as a drama of comedy of manners.
  193. Question- Write a note on Congreave's art of characterisation with special reference to "The Way of the World."
  194. Question- "Congreve's plays are a faithful reflection of the upper class life of the day." Discuss.
  195. Question- Analyse "The Way of the World' or a mirror of the society of the time.
  196. Question- Discuss wit and humour in 'The Way of the World'.
  197. Question- Compare and contrast Lady Wishfort and Mrs. Marwood.
  198. Question- Discuss the intrigue hatched by Mirabell against Lady Wishfort.
  199. Question- Explain with reference to the context any four of the following passages.

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