It is clear that sociology has two parts :

1. Theoretical sociology, and
2. Practical sociology

Practical sociology itself is applied sociology. This second part is concerned with the getting of information upon problems of social experience and finding methods for their amelioration and, if possible, their solution.

Applied sociology is the search for ways of using scientific knowledge to solve practical problems. A sociologist making a study of “the social structure of a slum neighbourhood” is working as a pure scientist or theoretical sociologist. If this study is followed by a study of “how to prevent delinquency in a slum neighbourhood"— he would be acting as an applied sociologist also. Some people consider sociology as an entirely ‘applied science’ trying to solve problems, while many consider it is both.

Practical applications of sociological knowledge are not always appreciated by all. Only gradually, the services and advices of sociologists are sought. Some sociologists are employed by business corporations, government bureaus, hospitals, city municipal bodies, big factories, social welfare agencies, and sometimes in administration.

They are engaged in planning, conducting community acting programmes, advising on public relations, employee relations, working on human relations and problems of many sorts. Sociologists are often consulted by legislative committees while planning new legislations. But the private citizens very rarely take decisions on the basis of knowledge supplied by sociologists.

On many social questions such as—the causes and treatment of crime and delinquency, drug and alcohol addiction, sex offences, the causes and consequences of racial discrimination, or the adjustment of the family to a changing society, etc.—there is considerable scientific sociological knowledge.

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