उत्तर प्रदेश के विभिन्न विश्वविद्यालयों के बी.एस-सी. तृतीय वर्ष के द्वितीय प्रश्नपत्र हेतु स्वीकृत एकीकृत पाठ्यक्रम पर आधारित अंग्रेजी भाषा में

For maintaining similarities and uniformity, Govt. of Uttar Pradesh has introduced a modified and unified course for undergraduate students of all universities of the state. With the new course, examination papers are to be set in new patterns. There will be three papers in the subject, each of 50 marks. Each paper will comprise 4 units. There will be 9 questions in each paper and student has to attempt only 5 questions. Question I will be compulsory based on units 1-4 (I-IV) and of short answer type. Two questions will be set from each unit of which one question has to be attempted. All questions will carry equal marks.
As such, there is no any adequate book in the market to cover these courses with new patterns of questions. Efforts have been made to prepare this book following the same recommended pattern. At places, hints for long and short questions have been given without affecting the textual synchronisation. However, due to change in the pattern and old practices of study, some variations may come up. Such arrangement will help students to revise and check their studies. References of university examination questions have been included at proper places.
According to new courses, the subject has been divided into three papers.
FIRST PAPER : Plant Resource Utilization, Palynology and Biostatistics
SECOND PAPER : Molecular biology and Biotechnology
THIRD PAPER : Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology

CONTENTS

Unit-1. Molecular Biology

1. Introduction to Molecular Biology 3-4
2. Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA) as Genetic material 5-12
3. Nucleotides 13-16
4. The Nucleic acid-DNA 17-26
5. The Nucleic acid-RNA 27-35
6. The Genetic Code 36-40
7. Mechanism of Protein Synthesis 41-46

Unit-2. Enzymes

1. Enzymes 49-58
2. Specificity of Enzymes 59-63
3. Mechanism of Enzyme action 64-67
4. General aspects of Enzyme kinetics  68-71
5. Bioenergetics: Laws of Thermodynamics 72-76

Unit-3. Nucleic Acids

1. Introduction 79
2. Different types of RNA 80-86
3. Transcription of RNA 87-91
4. Replication of DNA 92-100

Unit-4. Biotechnology

1. Introduction to Biotechnology 103-106
2. Recombinant DNA technology 107-113
3. Gene transfer in plants 114-119
4. Transgenic plants 120-124
5. Basic aspects of Plant Tissue Culture 125-133
6. Short notes related to Tissue Culture 134-149
7. Biotechnology and Healthcare 150-156
8. Microbial Biotechnology 157-169
9. Environmental Biotechnology 170-175