उत्तर प्रदेश के विभिन्न विश्वविद्यालयों के बी.एस-सी. प्रथम वर्ष के  प्रथम प्रश्नपत्र  हेतु स्वीकृत एकीकृत पाठ्यक्रम पर आधारित अंग्रेजी भाषा में

For maintaining similarities and uniformity, Govt. of Uttar Pradesh has introduced a modified and unified course for undergraduate students of all universities of the state. With the new course, examination papers are to be set in new patterns. There will be three papers in each subject, each of 50 marks. Each paper will comprise + units. There will be 9 questions in each paper and student has to attempt only 5 questions. Question I will be compulsory based on units 1-4 (I-IV) and of short answer type. Two questions will be set from each unit of which one question has to be attempted. All questions will carry equal marks.

As such, there is no any adequate book in the market to cover these courses with new patterns of questions. Efforts have been made to prepare this book according to the recommended pattern. At places, hints for long and short questions have been given without affecting the textual synchronisation. However, due to change in the pattern and old practices of study, some variations may come up. Such arrangement will help students to revise and check their studies. References of university examination questions have been included at proper places.

According to new courses, the subject has been divided into three papers -
FIRST PAPER : Diversity of Viruses, Bacteria and Fungi
SECOND PAPER : Diversity of Algae, Lichens and. Bryophytes
THIRD PAPER : Diversity of Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Elementary Palaeobotany

CONTENTS

UNIT - 1 : INTRODUCTORY

1. History of Virology and Bacteriology and Whittaker's System of Classification  03-09
2. Typical Structure of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell  10-15
3. Nature, Nomenclature and Classification of Viruses 16-21
4. Structure and Classification of Bacteria  22-41
5. Thallus Structure and Reproduction in Fungi  42-50
6. The Classification of Fungi  51-55
7. Economic Importance of Fungi 56-62

UNIT-2 : VIRUS

8. VIRAL DISEASES (Disease Symptoms, Transmission and Control)  65-74
9. TMV: Structure, Genome Organisation and Replication 75-78
10. Structure and Multiplication of Bacteriophages  79-83
11. Structure and Multiplication of Viroids and Prions 84-88

UNIT - 3 : BACTERIA

12. Nutritional Types & Metabolism in Different Nutritional Types in Bacteria 91-101
13. Bacterial Genome and Plasmids 102-107
14. Reproduction in Bacteria 108-117
15. Variabilities, Mutation and Staining in Bacteria 118-127
16. Economic Importance of Bacteria 129-130

UNIT -4 : FUNGI

17. Pythium 133-138
18. Phytophthora 139-146
19. Albugo or Cystopus 147-153
20. Aspergillus (Eurotiuin) 154-159
21. Morchella 160-164
22. Ustilago 165-170
23. Puccinia 171-179
24. Igaricus 180-187
25. Alternaria 188-190

Short Topics and Objective Questions (Based on all Four Units)

1. Short Questions 193-217
2. Multiple Choice Questions 218-239